Efeitos da cetamina e da dextrocetamina em caprinos da Raça Moxotó.

Abstract

Dissociative anesthesia is widely used for surgical and containment procedures in small ruminants in the field, with ketamine being one of the most widespread drugs in the veterinary medium, and found as a racemate or S (+) isomer. Information comparing the effects of dextrocetamine and ketamine in animals is still controversial and only one study was carried out in goats, submitted to sternal decubitus and supplemented with oxygen. Based on this information, two scientific papers will be evaluated in this dissertation, the first submitted to the Rural Science and the second to the Brazilian Archive of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics. The first work compared the effects of ketamine with those of dextroketamine on the physiological, biochemical and anesthetic parameters in goats submitted to right lateral decubitus without oxygen supplementation. In the second study, we compared the cardiorespiratory and electrolytic impacts caused by ketamine or dextroketamine in equipotent doses, associated with xylazine, in animals kept in the right lateral decubitus position and without oxygen supplementation. In the first chapter it was shown that dextrocetamine does not act distinctly from ketamine when given at the same dose. Both promoted cardiovascular stability, with a reduction in heart rate, without alterations in the biochemical parameters and were not different in relation to the anesthetic variables. The results of the second article indicated that both the racemate and dextroketamine associated to xylazine caused respiratory failure with similar impact on blood gas values. Similarly, both protocols influenced electrolytes, although not of clinical importance. Thus, it was concluded that the use of dextroketamine did not imply an additional therapeutic benefit or a higher cardiorespiratory impact when used at the same dose as ketamine. The studies concluded that dextrocetamine, at the same dose at ketamine, promoted the same anesthetic effect, without diverging in relation to the side effects.