Perfil metabólico e parasitismo gastrointestinal de cabras leiteiras no periparto criadas na microrregião do Cariri Ocidental Paraibano.

Abstract

Nutritional deficiencies associated with incorrect sanitary practices make animals more likely to develop disease. The sanitary commitment becomes more eminent in the period of peripartum of dairy goats, which in this period become more prone and sensitive to develop diseases of metabolic, nutritional and infectious nature. At this stage, hormonal and metabolic changes are necessary to meet the demands of maintaining organic activities, gestation, delivery and lactation, resulting in greater attention to the producer for the correct management of these animals, whose deficiencies can result in losses linked to Milk production, replenishment of animals or even death. This dissertation was divided into two chapters. The first one was submitted to the Brazilian Archive of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, evaluating the metabolic profile of dairy goats in the peripartum, created in the micro region of Western Cariri Paraiba. The animals were evaluated from the 30 days before delivery, on the day of delivery and up to 41 days of lactation. Measurements were performed in relation to the mineral, energetic, proteic and enzymatic aspects of metabolism. At the time of calving there was a significant reduction (P<0,05) in variables such as total calcium, phosphorus, total proteins, globulins, cholesterol and in the elevation of AGNE values. Glucose reduction and urea increase were recorded from 32 to 41 days of lactation. In the second chapter, submitted to Acta Scientiae Veterinariae, the nutritional and parasitic management of goats during the transition period, from 20 days before calving, at calving and up to 35 days of lactation, were evaluated. Metabolites linked to the mineral, energetic, proteic and enzymatic profile were measured, as well as parasitological evaluation by means of OPGs and body weight variation. Values of total calcium, ionized calcium, magnesium and albumin obtained a significant reduction (P <0,05) at delivery. There was a significant increase (P<0,05) in glucose at calving, which resulted in a significant increase (P<0,05) in fructosamine soon afterwards. Triglyceride values were higher in the prepartum, registering higher values between 13- 1 days prepartum, where the highest serum peak of urea was recorded. GGT showed upward behavior, with a significant increase (P<0,05) during lactation with peak serum in 14-22 days postpartum. Goats recorded greater elimination of eggs and oocysts in the prepartum, with maximum values of OPGs close to calving (13-1 dap). Note the importance of the nutritional level for peripartum matrices, a crucial aspect for the good attendance to physiological demands and coping with gastrointestinal parasitoses.