Desenvolvimento inicial de espécies arbóreas em ambientes degradados por sais.

Abstract

Initial development of tree species in salt-degraded environments. The environmental degradation is a serious world issue, among the problems the salt and sodium accumulation in soil limit nutrient availability and reduce the plant growth due to nutritional unbalance. The present work had for objective to evaluate the corrective effect and alternative source in area degraded chemistry and physically for the salinity and sodicidade and select arboreal species that present tolerance saline conditions. Soil was collected in the irrigated area o f Sao Jose of Bonfim - PB, the a depth of 0,0-0,20 cm. The work consisted of two stages. In the first experiment they were evaluate the species: cumaru, gliricidia, nim, angico, aroeira and turco and the second experiment it was evaluated: cauacu, craibeira, embiratanha, mulungu and pereiro. All the species were cultivated in soils: non saline soil or saline soil and soil salinity more gypsum and mining residues of kaolim. The first experiment presented 72 vases and the second 60 vases, each one with capacity for 2,8 L of soil, both with 3 repetitions. The conclusions the incorporation of the mining residues of kaolim. and agricultural gypsum in soils salt followed by wash reduces the concentration of soluble salts, the contend of sodium in the soil, and the plants that presented larger tolerance to the salinity were: nim, turco and cauacu.