Abordagem sobre saúde única e percepções acerca da inserção do Médico Veterinário nos Núcleos Ampliados de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica.

Abstract

New dynamics on the health field have been established, since the interrelationships between human and animal populations and the environment are intensifying. In this way, approaches and interventions based on systemic view of the health processes and on the intersectoral collaboration become essential to ensure success in the prevention of diseases and health promotion. In this sense, the foundamentals that support one health and collective health are articulated, and the Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) is an important space for expanding health practices anchored in the understanding of the interface between the triad human-animalenvironment. This work is structured in four chapters. It was elaborated from a qualitative perspective, with an exploratory and descriptive approaches, aimed at to discuss one health in articulation with collective health, being guided by reflections on the multidisciplinary consciousness inherent to the one health practices and culminating in the identification of the perception of health professionals about the inclusion of the veterinarian in the multiprofessional teams of the Núcleos Ampliados de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica (NASF-AB). Thus, two chapters presented theoretical basis: Chapter 1, referring to the bibliographic survey on the central themes of the study; and Chapter 3, which discussed the hoarding disorder on the one health context. The other two chapters presented aspects of the field research: Chapter 2, which consists in a report of the experience on the construction of a multidisciplinary educative action in one health, with groups formed by undergraduate students of Nutrition, Nursing, Medicine, Biological Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, addressing the topics - hoarding disorder, antibiotic resistance, zoonotic tuberculosis, potential zoonotic risk for transmission of leprosy and food safety; and chapter 4, which analyzed the perception of health professionals about the insertion of the veterinarian in NASF-AB. The results obtained pointed to: 1) the relevance of the development of humanistic competences and skills and the need for spaces in which students from different areas of knowledge can jointly construct health interventions since the undergraduate level, in order to train professionals to act in multiprofessional teams and deal efficiently with complex, crosscutting and intersectoral problems, such as those in the one health area; 2) the health professionals interviewed showed a positive perception about the importance of the insertion of the veterinarian in NASF-AB; 3) indirectly, the analyzed discourses allowed to identify the existence of weaknesses during the veterinarian formation regarding the knowledge about the work processes in primary health care; 4) indirectly, it was evidenced that the general population still have a limited view on the veterinarian's performance in the field of public health, and it is necessary to program more consistent strategies aimed at publicizing the role of this professional in this area.