Efeitos do banho prévio, da tricotomia e da antissepsia na redução da contaminação do sítio cirúrgico. Estudo clínico e microbiológico.

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the influence of the bath 24 hours before the surgical procedure and the trichotomy in reducing the bacterial count of the skin of the operative field, and the efficiency of chlorhexidine gluconate and 0.5% polyvinylpyrrolidone iodine (PVP-I ) 1% for surgical site antisepsis. A total of 14 healthy dogs were divided into 2 groups: Group I was not submitted to the bath 24 hours before the procedure, while those in Group I I underwent this procedure. Statistical significance was not observed between groups regarding the effect of the bath prior to surgery, indicating that the bath has no effect in reducing contamination in the operative field. The 41.73% of the trichotomy reduced microbial load in Group I I and only 0.67% in Group I . After the use of chlorhexidine reduced bacterial load was 99.18% in Group I and 99.82% in Group I I . Since the PVP-I reduced 96.01% in Group I and 95.08% in Group I I , and found no statistical difference in microbial reduction between the two antiseptics. The PVP-I allergic reaction caused in 21.42% of animals, was not observed irritation caused by chlorhexidine. It was concluded that previous bath has no effect on the reduction of microrganisms on the skin of the operative field; the shaving is more effective in reducing microbial when the animal is subjected to the bath; and the efficacy of the antiseptic chlorhexidine is equal to 0.5% of PVP-I 1% taking or not taking previous bath.