Mecanismos fisiológicos e clínicos aplicados no reconhecimento da dor em pequenos animais: revisão de literatura.

Abstract

The revision has as aim to approach the main signs that recognize the pain in small animals, well as the methods used for its quantification, serving as tool to aid in clinica of small animals in recognition and treatment of pain of dogs and cats. Sentience is the aspect of consciousness animal that more practical importance possesses, insofar that lets us know the best way how each animal should be treated and thus establish measures capable of promote your wellbeing. The pain is a condition clinically important that results in suffering and affects the quality of life of animals, she is biologically damaging and brings a series of neuroendocrine changes, metabolic and immunologic. Exists the need to eradicate the concept that the animals are more tolerant to pain, already which differentiate themselves of us, beings human, in way to expresses-la. The mechanisms nervous who participate in the different steps of response to painful stimuli are essentially Similar in animals and in man. To the prevention and treatment of pain in animals is necessary recognize it. Identify the pain in an animal involves learn to recognize manifestations evident, but ace times difficult to notice. The physiological responses and behavioral can be used to evaluate the severity of pain felt by the animals, while still allowing the comparison of this in different procedures, which represents a important indicator of degree of welfare in such situations. Must-remember that foreknowledge of animal behavior makes-if necessary, in attempt to assess pain, and should also lead into account, variables like temperament, sex, genetics, prior health, age and until the differences between species. To this recognition can-if find a set of evaluation scales that can Auxiliary in this task, being able cite between these the scale simple descriptive, rating scale numerical and scale visual analogue. The subjectivity of signs observed establishing a challenge to quantification of pain in animals, however such quantification is fundamental on efficiency and pain prevention in animals, not allowing sub or overestimate the sensation painful patient's.