Utilização de sensoriamento remoto na análise de fatores ambientais em áreas urbanas.

Abstract

The intense demographic expansion of the last centuries has been one of the main causes of the numerous changes in the urban environment. Among the environmental impacts can be highlighted the growing change in people's conviviality, in urban comfort and in the climate of cities, which can be a reflection of the most diverse forms of use and occupation of the soil and modifications in the vigor of vegetation. From this, the need arises for a work that evaluates the dynamics of the urban space and the environmental elements connected to it. The objective of this work was to analyze the behavior of Terrestrial Surface Temperature, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and land use and occupation using remote sensing for the city of Catolé do Rocha - Paraíba, with an emphasis on the temporal scale in the years 1995 and 2016. Images were used in May and October 1995 of the Landsat 5 satellite and images in May and October 2016 of the Landsat 8 satellite. Procedures for image processing and processing were fully developed in the open source software Quantum Geographic Information System 2.18 .21 (QGIS). It was verified that even with significant variation in the temperature range between the dry and rainy periods, the interpretation of the information of the superficial temperature and the vegetative index by class of vegetal density and the interpretation of the overlays / comparison of the maps, verified the relation of inverse proportionality between variables. Supervised classification revealed significant changes in land use and occupation in the city of Catolé do Rocha.