FELIPE, G. C.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7638461292368500; FELIPE, Gracineide da Costa.
Resumen:
The local lock is a technique that is in increasing rise in veterinary medicine, but still faces
some obstacles, often because the anesthetist has complete safety of anatomy and best
techniques to be employed . This regional block used palliative surgery with general
anesthesia and inhalation , has been important in high-risk patients , reducing the use of
drugs that depress the nervous system and minimizing complications during trans and
postoperative . Local anesthetics cause loss of pain sensitivity and reduce inflammation,
reducing animal stress. Lidocaine and bupivacaine are commonly used in veterinary
medicine for promoting a good latency and good period of action, respectively. Lidocaine ,
for example, is antiarrhythmic , has a moderate fat solubility , pKa 7.7 percent protein
binding and about 64 % bupivacaine already shows a high lipid solubility , pKa 8.1 and a
high affinity to plasma proteins , about 95%. For these and other pharmacological
characteristics of the association of these anesthetics is becoming increasingly common in
routine anesthetic. Ophthalmic and dental procedures are performed routinely in veterinary
medicine, this requires knowledge about the neuroanatomical origin of nerve function and
its innervation area. In the dog, the ophthalmic nerve, n. lacrimal n. zygomatic, n. jaw, n.
infraorbital,, and n mandible inferior alveolar nerve fibers region guaranteeing the eyeball,
skin , lips , teeth, tongue, nose , mandible and maxilla , or block these nerve desensitizing
almost totally the animal's head . With the lock perineural can desensitize the area
surrounding the nerve. After being injected, the local anesthetic will migrate and prevent
the generation of nerve impulses. This review could gather information about the local
anesthetics used in veterinary medicine and its pharmacological characteristics,
neuroanatomical aspects of the animal's head region and regional blocks more employees
to desensitize the area. The study aimed to facilitate the choice of block techniques are
more conducive to certain surgical procedures, as well as make them more routine in
veterinary anesthesiology.