Caracterização do tipo de oclusão e disfunção temporomandibular dos pacientes atendidos na Clínica de Prótese Dentária da UFCG.

Abstract

Studies on tooth loss show its high prevalence and the need for dental prostheses in the population, temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is quite frequent in these patients. Thus, the present study aimed to characterize the type of occlusion and TMD in the patients treated at the Dental Prosthesis Clinic of the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Patos-Paraíba, as well as to present reflections on occlusion and TMD. A cross-sectional, observational study with an inductive approach and comparative, statistical-descriptive, retrospective procedure was adopted, adopting as a data collection strategy the medical records of the Dental Prosthesis Clinic of the UFCG. In order to evaluate the type of occlusion and TMD, the sample consisted of 200 tokens from 2014 to 2018. The sample consisted of 200 tokens and the results showed 67 (33.5%) male patients and 133 (66.5% ) of the female gender and mean age of 48.6 ± 13.9 years. 38 (19%) answered that they had discomfort or pain in chewing and 39 (19.5%) had the noise when they chewed. In addition, 28 (13%) patients reported presence of bruxism and 27 (13.5%) had dental tightening. We concluded the prevalence in females and the association of several factors predisposing to TMD (dentition, chewing pain, chewing noise, normal mouth opening, occlusal interference, deviation during opening and closing of the mouth, crossbite, open bite, buccal, type of swallowing, bruxism, dental tightness, habits), showing that changes in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) are multifactorial and that other symptoms or agents are involved in its etiology.