Avaliação clínico-odontológica do índice CPO-D e das manifestações bucais em pacientes renais crônicos em hemodiálise.

Abstract

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a morbid condition represented by a renal structural change that implies in the reduction or limitation of the glomerular filtration capacity of the kidneys. The researches on oral manifestations are worth mentioning due to the large and growing number of individuals affected and the lack of studies of interest in this area. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical and oral health conditions of chronic renal patients submitted to hemodialysis in the city of Patos-PB, Brazil. To collect data there was a detailed anamnesis, data collection in the medical records, intrabuccal clinical examination to evaluate oral mucosal conditions and determine the prevalence of caries through the DMFT index. Thirty-five patients with a diagnosis of chronic renal failure participated in the study. According to the data, the majority were men (n = 23; 51.1%), with a mean age of 51.02, ranging from 22 to 80 years. The median time to nephropathy was 6.54 years. The prevalence of oral manifestations was 77.8% (n = 35), with the main types of tongue sores (n = 20, 44.4%), mucosal pallor (n = 8, 17.8%), extra amyloidosis (n = 6, 13.3%). The mean DMFT index was 19.49. The DMFT index was significantly higher among the female patients (M = 23.77, SD = 8.16, p = 0.007), as well as among those who reported being smokers or former smokers (M = 26.56 , SD = 7.61, p <0.001). There was a positive and significant correlation between age and number of teeth lost (Spearman's rho = 0.812; p <0.001); negative and significant correlation between serum urea levels and number of missing teeth (Spearman's rho = -0.327, p = 0.028). A high DMFT was observed with a higher average number lost, presence of 14 different types of oral manifestations in most patients and a lack of care regarding oral hygiene.