SALLES, A. Y. F. L.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/7728057911756630; SALLES, Ana Yasha Ferreira de La.
Résumé:
Basic anatomical studies, aimed at describing structures, are often neglected, and, consequently,
scarce in the literature, despite representing the foundation for so many other areas of medicine.
The aim of this study was to describe the bone anatomy of Sapajus libidinosus,
macroscopically, and in tomography and radiography images. For this, a total of four cadavers
were used in the macroscopic analysis and five animals in the imaging exams, four of which
were euthanized and added to the macroscopic stage. For imaging exams, animals were kept
anesthetized. All bones were documented with a digital camera and the structures described
based on the Nomina Anatomica Veterinaria and compared with data from the literature on
human and nonhuman
primates. Student ttest
for independent samples was performed. There
was no statistically significant difference between males and females, regarding the length of
vertebrae, sternum, ribs and appendicular bones. The spinal column of Sapajus libidinosus
consists of seven cervical vertebrae, 13 or 14 thoracic, five or six lumbar, two or three sacral
and 23 or 24 caudal, with one animal with 16 vertebrae. It was possible to verify the efficiency
of diagnostic imaging methods in Sapajus libidinosus, demonstrating that it is possible to
identify bone structures with great precision, when compared to images of bone pieces. As for
the vertebral region, the identification of structures was highly dependent on the presence or
not of bone overlap, as well as on the robustness of the vertebrae, with greater sharpness in the
caudal direction. The sternum can be well described by means of radiography and 3D
reconstruction, the latter being a method of better identification of rib structures. Structures
such as the sulcus for the spinal nerve, cervical vertebrae and xiphoid cartilage of the sternum
were not clearly visualized in any imaging method. Most of the bone structures of the scapula
were well identified in the imaging methods, being more restricted in the ventrodorsal
projection. The clavicle showed very limited visualization. The humerus, as well as the radius
and ulna, were not well portrayed in their proximal and distal epiphysis by radiography,
however, they were well identified on tomography. The same was observed for the femur, tibia
and fibula. All structures described in the macroscopic image of the carpus, metacarpal, tarsus
and metatarsus could be identified by means of radiography and tomography. The thigh bone
has been extensively described using imaging methods. A small penile bone is present at the
end of the penis, and could be identified by all methods analyzed. More subtle structures, such
as the popliteal notch, in the tibia and gluteal tuberosity, pectineal line and scratchy face, in the
thigh bone, were not identified. Structures present on the articular surfaces of bones were
limited to macroscopic analysis. Sapajus libidinosus presented, in general, anatomical
characteristics structurally and morphologically more similar to those of the infraorder
Simiiformes, including humans, being a great indicator of an experimental model in these
species.
