Caracterização epidemiológica dos lentivírus de pequenos ruminantes nas regiões geográficas imediatas de Monteiro e Sumé, Nordeste do Brasil.

Abstract

Brazil has a goat herd of 8,254,561 animals, with the Northeast of Brazil having the largest herd, responsible for 92.8% of the total species. In the state of Paraíba, there are a total of 545,994 goats. The municipalities that make up the Immediate Geographic Regions of Monteiro and Sumé add up to 15, which hold 31.45% of the State's herd (171,764 / 545,994). This total of animals is concentrated in 19.57% (595/3039) of the adapted agricultural animals that have goats. Milk production, which is the main economic activity in 2017, reached a total of 70.22% (3,318,850 / 4,726,010) in this microregion in relation to the entire state (IBGE, 2017), standing out in the national scenario. Among the diseases that cause losses in the creation of small ruminants, we can highlight as Lentiviroses, according to which are caused by viruses. As lentiviroses of small ruminants affect goats and sheep and have a wide geographical distribution, causing serious economic losses, mainly in dairy goats, which in the Northeast of Brazil still undergoes several health and structural problems. Therefore, the objective of this work was to carry out an epidemiological characterization of the lentiviruses of small ruminants in the Immediate Geographic Region of Monteiro and Sumé, Paraíba, Northeast of Brazil. Probabilistic, stratified sampling and epidemiological questionnaires were performed. The serological diagnosis was carried out by the Agar Gel Immunodiffusion test (IDGA) using a commercial kit. For the analysis of associated factors, regression models were used according to the prevalence of the infection. Some studies carried out in the region show the presence of the herds virus, Silva et al. (2013) carried out a study of the prevalence of CAEV in the region of the cariri in Paraíba in 110 herds of goats and observed that 49 of them appear at least one seropositive animal, with a prevalence of 44.6% of the total (95% CI, 35.154, 3%). It is essential to identify the main infectious diseases that affect the creations of each region, by determining the prevalence. In addition to identifying the associated factors and focus properties. From there, the best strategic measures can be taken to prevent the spread of the diseasecausing pathogen.