Biocompatibilidade do nanofilme de dióxido de silício usado como antimicrobiano em superfície acrílica.

Abstract

The entire surface of the dental environment is subject to colonization of microorganisms. Besides, other surfaces can also serve as environment for biofilm formation, such as dental prostheses and removable orthodontic cases made of acrylic resin. Recently, a nanofilm of silicon dioxide was developed in order to cover surfaces, preventing biofilm formation and, consequently, their harmful effects. This study focuses on analyzing histological biocompatibility nanofilms "NP Liquid Glass" and "Bacterlon® Glass" in subcutaneous tissues in rats. A total of 48 male Wistar rats were used and divided into four groups (12 rats per group): Group C (control, Polyethylene), RA group (acrylic resin), NP Group (acrylic resin with NP Liquid Glass coating) and BG Group (Acrylic resin with Bacterlon® Glass coating). The animals were sacrificed after 7, 15 and 30 days and their tissue analyzed in optical microscopy, as the inflammatory infiltrate events, edema, necrosis, granulation tissue, giant cells, young fibroblasts and collagen fibers. The results were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn test (P <0.05). In the initial period, intense inflammatory infiltrate was demonstrated mainly in Groups BG and RA with a statistically significant difference with control group in time period of 7 days (P = 0.004). Intense inflammatory infiltrate is also demonstrated in the BG Group in time period of 15 days, with a significant difference with control group (P = 0.003). Circulatory disorders (edema) and tissue degeneration (necrosis) were significant only in time period of 7 days, with significant differences between BG group with control group (p <0.05) and between groups and BG for NP the presence of necrosis (P = 0.011). The amount of collagen fibers increases over the experimental period, there is a statistically significant difference between the control group with RA and BG groups in time period of 7 days (P = 0.006), and between BG and control groups with 15 days (P = 0.010). It can be concluded that,the Bacterlon® product shows the biggest influences in inflammatory events when compared to the other groups. But the NP Liquid Glass is more biocompatible, causing less tissue changes and improved cellular repair at every time intervals.