ATAIDE, L. C. P.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/5895545180484202; ATAIDE, Lorena Conceição Paiva de.
Résumé:
Climate change, land use change, population growth, among other factors, have a direct impact
on the availability of water and the vulnerability of water resources. Due to the irregularity of
the rainfall regime, northeastern Brazil is one of the regions most sensitive to climate change,
characterized by water shortages both for the natural system and for human use. Given the need
for information to assist in the management of climatic risk and in the planning of water use in
the Lower São Francisco River Basin (BHSRSF), this work quantitatively assessed the
hydroclimatic vulnerability of the BHSRSF through the Factor Analysis (AF) technique for the
construction of the Water Vulnerability Index (IVH). Water scarcity was analyzed using the
Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) at different time scales. It was
observed that, in general, the basin presents water vulnerability, subject to the increase of fresh
water restrictions and there was a predominance of dry events. In agriculture, the impacts of the
water deficit are more significant, as this is highly influenced by climatic factors, compromising
producers, who are more vulnerable to economic and environmental changes.