Análise comparativa de precisão e eficiência no levantamento topográfico realizado por Teodolito e Estação total.

Abstract

Topography is a science of great notoriety for several areas of engineering. Its purpose is to represent a limited representation of the Earth's surface, through topographic surveys, which consists of a set of methods that, through the adjustment of horizontal and vertical angles and distances, using appropriate instruments, implant and materialize support points on the ground, determining as topographic coordinates. Thus, the present work aims at a comparative analysis in the topographic planialtimetric survey of a terrain carried out with the use of theodolite and total station. For this purpose, the walking and statimetric methods for the theodolite and the trigonometric method for the total station were used. After carrying out the surveys, the data obtained with the theodolite were computed in the AutoCAD Civil 3D software, while those obtained with the station were downloaded in Topograph. The following variables were evaluated: polygonal area, cut and fill volumes and survey service costs. The theodolite showed a discrepancy of 1.12 m² for the lot area, in relation to the reference polygonal area (200 m²), while the total station presented an overestimation of 3.9 m². The volume of cut obtained with the theodolite exceeded by 1.12m³ that obtained by the total station, while it was noticed an inversion for the volume of landfill, where the total station exceeded in 5 m³ the volume obtained by the theodolite (33.22 m³). The cost obtained with the theodolite survey service was approximately R$ 826.00, while with the total station it was only R$ 167.75. From the analysis of the results, it was observed that the use of theodolite was effective in representing the area of the polygonal, but that it did not offer technical and economic feasibility in elevation surveys for earthwork purposes. On the other hand, the total station becomes the most suitable equipment for carrying out planialtimetric surveys, both for the precision, as well as for the speed and practicality that the equipment offers.