Gênese e classificação de solos em topossequência na Serra da Formiga – Cruzeta/RN.

Abstract

The relief is characterized by the set of elevations and geographic expressions from a region, being defined by the altitude, declivity, uniformity and extension of the surfaces. This study is of great relevance, as the soil classification of the region dates from the last exploratory survey carried out by Embrapa in 1971, in which the study itself highlights: "due to the generalized level of mapping, it is only to be expected to obtain from them a global vision of the various existing soils in the State, an essential basic element for regional planning, choice of priority areas that justify more detailed soil surveys and selection of areas for agricultural experimentation". The study was carried out at Formiga Moutain, belonging to Margarida Farm, located 18 km from the municipality of Cruzeta, in an area close to the “Saquinho mine”, for iron exploration. Along the toposequence, five trenches were opened, located at different points, namely: Profile 01 - top of elevation, Profile 02 - upper third, Profile 03 - middle third, Profile 04 - lower third and Profile 05 - foot. The soils were classified up to the second categorical level, according to the Brazilian Soil Classification System, as follows: Profile 01 - RED LATOSOL, Profile 02 - HAPLIC CAMBISOL, Profile 03 - LITHOLIC NEOSOLS, Profile 04 - CHROMIC LUVISOLS and Profile 05 - HAPLIC LUVISOLS.