Sistemas de captação de água "in situ" sobre crescimento e produção de pinhão-manso.

Abstract

The jatropha {Jatropha curcas L.) is an oilseed plant of the uphorbiaceae family, native to the Américas and is currently considered an alternative for biodiesel production, demanding heatstroke and drought resistant, open up broad prospects for the increase in áreas planted with this crop in the semiarid northeast. In this research, the studies were designed to evaluate the development of culture of jatropha, testing, planting techniques fhat contribute to greater efficiency of rain water harvesting in situ. The experiment was conducted on the premises of the Experimental Station of the National Institute of Semiarid - INSA, located in Campina Grande-PB. The statistical outline utilized was in randomized blocks with three replications and studied five techniques of catchment of rainwater in situ: planting furrows (Tl), barred furrows (T2), planting on ridges with the seedlings in the ridge (T3), seedlings at the base of the ridge (T4), planting basins (T5) and a control treatment without structure to catchment of rainwater (T6). We evaluated the water contentfor each technique of water harvesting in 0.10 m and 0.50 m depth. There wasn't influence of the special forms of preparation of soil for catchment of water in situ, on the variables of plant's growth in specific analyzes throughout the cycle. Throughout the study, the growúYs variables were benefited by the forms of soil preparation, encouraging the catchment of water in situ, compared to treatment without capture technique. The lowest values of production components of jatropha recorded occurred in plants grown in soil without structure of catchment of water in situ. The highest catchment of water during the rainy season occurs when the planting is done in the groove, at the base of the ridge (T4) and in the groove, without ridge (Tl), in the depth of 0.10 m and 0.50 m respectively. The techniques of catchment of water in situ that conserve more water during the dry season are planted in the center of the basin (T5) and in the groove's background, barred between plants (T2) in the depth of 0.10 m and 0.50 m respectively.