CAVALCANTE, M. L.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6212009762501126; CAVALCANTE, Matheus Lôbo.
Resumen:
Environmental licensing is a public management instrument that seeks to adapt economic
development projects to the standards of protection and preservation of the environment. It is a
preventive and permanent control tool, indispensable for sustainability and unfolds through
administrative acts called environmental licenses. In this context, agribusiness, a sector of
enterprises that promotes socioeconomic development and is related to a complex of activities
related to the commercialization of agricultural products, has become important for the
generation of jobs and income, but which, on the other hand, has caused concerns because of
its negative environmental impacts on the environment. Given the relevance of these two
postulates, the present dissertation aims to analyze environmental licensing as an instrument of
legal and administrative control of Brazilian agribusiness. As for the methodology, this study
made use of a literature review, characterized by the method of bibliographic and documentary
study, covering itself with a qualitative, deductive and exploratory character. The results show
that, in addition to environmental licensing, other instruments are important in containing
negative environmental impacts such as the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA), Prior
Environmental Impact Study (EPIA), Rural Environmental Registry (CRA), Legal Reserve (RL
) and Environmental Preservation Area. Agribusiness cannot be considered “tech, pop and all”.
The excessive use of pesticides, forest deforestation and inequality in land use and ownership
contradict the symbolic and media discourse of this sector that is sold in the news as the
salvation and wealth of Brazil. It is concluded that environmental licensing is necessary for the
control of negative environmental impacts in the context of agribusiness and as such must be
improved, but it cannot be succumbed by legislative change projects that only come to satisfy
elitist desires of the bench that disregard and delegitimize the instruments of National
Environmental Policy, conquered, as well as the Federal Constitution of 88, in long historical
struggles, at many hands. Sustainability must be the paradigm and the driving force for any
enterprise, whether small, medium or large, and environmental licensing fulfills this essential
role of reconciling an increasingly sustainable economic development.