Saneamento básico e agricultura familiar: impactos socioambientais em um assentamento rural no município de Lagoa-PB.

Abstract

Basic sanitation and its correlation with issues of public health and environmental degradation is a very relevant issue considering the deficiency of these services at national level and especially in rural areas. The lack of basic sanitation, as well as the precariousness of the provision of services contribute to the incidence of diseases related to this health problem, which ends up allowing the spread of waterborne diseases, with negative impacts in fields such as education, work, economy, biodiversity, water availability and others. Furthermore, it is extremely important to analyze the conceptual, technical and legal aspects related to basic sanitation, especially with regard to the situation of national, regional and local coverage, as well as the deficit in the provision of this service, given the systemic view of sanitation in relation to the health. The justification for this research is based on the need to analyze the conditions of basic sanitation (water supply, sanitary sewage, solid waste collection) in the rural settlement of Cantinho Community in Lagoa - PB, facing the need to subsidize future outlets of decisions, mainly with regard to investments to reduce the environmental impact and the adequate planning of actions and public policies aimed at improving the quality of life of family farmers in the locality, understanding the socio-environmental and legal repercussions arising from the lack of conditions of basic sanitation (water supply, sanitary sewage, solid waste collection) and proposing measures aimed at reducing the impacts and consequences that the lack of sanitation generates in the local community. For that, the research carried out was of a qualitative type, analyzing and involving the sanitation conditions of the rural community under study so that with the choice of the location, it was possible to perceive the reality experienced by residents who survive from family farming. This analysis of the local reality provided a clear vision of the cultural and social aspects of the community, showing better ways to assess deficits and proposing alternatives for improving the community's basic sanitation. The approach used in data collection was carried out through methodological theoretical research, which allowed for a more productive analysis, including the study of data from the 2017 Agricultural Census.