Florística de uma área de floresta ciliar no Semiárido do Nordeste do Brasil.

Abstract

Little is known about the flora of riparian forests of the northeastern semiarid. In Paraiba only those localized in the mesoregions of Paraiba Borborema and Brejo were investigated. Manigoba's II country property is located 18 km from the municipality of Pombal, Paraiba, backwoods of paraibano mesoregion and

microregion of Sousa where the vegetation is Estepica Forested Savannah, shrubby- arboreous with physiognomy open. Part of this property is represented by a

permanent preservation area (PPA) with 3,5 km of riparian forest on the shores of the creek Carneiro. The objective of this research was to study the floristic composition of this area. The research was realized during 1 year, monthly collections were made through random walks in the study area, in the dry and rainy seasons. For identification of taxons have been made analysis of the vegetative and reproductive structures in stereomicroscope, along with consultations at specialists and specialized bibliographies of some taxonomic groups. Comparison with botanical material deposited in the collections of herbarium CSTR, Federal University of Campina Grande was also performed. We recorded 88 species belonging to 47 families. 14 taxons have been identified only to the generic level, beyond 6 undetermined. Among the families, stand out Fabaceae (20 spp.), Asteraceae (6 spp.), Euphorbiaceae (5 spp.), Convolvulaceae, Sapindaceae and Poaceae (4 spp.). The habit was the most representative herbaceo with 52,7%. The species Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) is the first occurrence to the Northeast. Seven species are considered to be the first occurrence in Paraiba: Spigelia anthelmia L., Echinochloa colonna (L.) Link., Panicum condensatum Bertol., P. trichoides SW., Prockia crucis P. Brownw ex L., Machaonia brasiliensis (Hoffmans. ex Humb.) Cham & Schltdl. and Magonia pubescens A. St.-Hil. The study contributed to the knowledge of the local flora, and proved that the riparian forest studied presents species diversity and contributes much to maintenance of water resources in the region.