Propagação assexuada da serigueleira com diferentes comprimentos de estacas.

Abstract

The seriguela (Spondias purpurea L.) is a deciduous and fruitful tree native to Central America and easily adapted to tropical, arid and semi-arid climates, and with that, it has spread to several countries in South America. In Brazil, it is usually found in regions such as the North, Northeast and Southeast. Its reproduction occurs sexually in wild populations, and asexually in cultivated populations. In asexual reproduction, large cuttings are commonly used, planted directly in the field. However, this practice presents some difficulties, such as the delay in rooting and crown formation in the new plant. It is necessary that these problems are overcome in order to obtain reproductive success. Because of this, the present work aimed to analyze the performance of rubber plants implanted through the cutting method. The field research was conducted in the municipality of Jaçanã, RN, at the Chã da Bolandeira site, from July 2021 to June 2022, continuing the analysis of variance of the experiment, implemented a year ago. An experimental design was adopted in randomized blocks, distributed in four blocks, each one with 20 different cuttings, thus reaching a total of 80 plants. The treatments tested were distributed throughout the experiment, where each treatment had stakes of different heights, as follows: T1-0.4m; T2-0.6m; T3-0.8m; T4-1.0m; T5-1.2m. Regarding the characteristics of the plant, the following were analyzed: branch length, stem diameter and the occurrence of damage caused by pests in the plantation. The results showed that the largest cuttings from treatments T4 and T5 had the best numerical values in all variables studied. The research showed that the insects that most devastated the experiment were termites, where they reached 30% of the plants in the experiment.