Uso de urina humana como fonte alternativa de nutrientes para a cultura do milho (Zea mays L.) cultivado em sistema hidropônico.

Abstract

With the emergence of ecossaneamento, which is an alternative to conventional treatment of sewage with economic sustainability based on the cycling of materials, systems research is being developed in order to collect urine separately from human feces, for further processing and agricultural use. This research aimed to study t he components of hydroponic cultivation of green fodder maize (Zea mays L.) fertilized with human urine as an alternative source of nutrients. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse installed on Campus I of the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande (7º 13' 50" S, 35º 52' 52" W, 551 m altitude), State of Paraiba. The experimental research was undertaken in two stages. At first, collection, storage and physicochemical characterization of human urine and dilution of urine in the water supply and conducting an experiment (experiment I) with the cultivation of hydroponic green fodder corn, fertilized with human urine dilutions were performed. In the second stage, storage and physicochemical characterizations of human manipueira and urine tests were performed, and dilutions of urine in water and more manipueira another experiment (experiment II) with the cultivation of hydroponic green fodder corn, fertilized with human urine dilutions added manipueira. The experimental design was a randomized block design consisting of five treatments, experiment, and six treatments, experiment II. The results were subjected to regression analysis of variance found a significant difference (p < 0.01) for height, yield and concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium and sodium in the forage grown in experiment I. In the second experiment, there wa s also a significant response (p < 0.05) for height, green and dry mass of shoots and in concentrations of m acronutrients and toxic element, analyzed in shoots and roots of the substrate material. We conclude that the nutrients present in human urine were effective for growing hydroponic forage maize, the fertigation with greater than or equal to 6 % of dilute urine in water dose caused a reduction in height and productivity of forage, cultivated corn in hydroponic system with substrate cane sugar fertilized with human urine, is only viable with less than 6 % dose; corn grown in fertilized hydroponic system with dilutions of human urine and manipueira was more effective than just fertilized with dilutions of urine, human urine with cassava can replace the nutrient solution used in hydroponic cultivation of forage maize.