Análise dos antirretrovirais utilizados por pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS, diagnosticadas com infecções oportunistas, atendidas em um serviço de atenção especializada no município de Caicó - RN.

Abstract

Opportunistic infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Despite this, antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the main viable alternative to increase the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS. Thus, this study aimed to carry out a survey on the use of antiretroviral drugs prescribed for PLWHA, diagnosed with opportunistic infections, assisted by a Specialized Care Service (SAE) in the city of Caicó/RN. To this end, an epidemiological, analytical and retrospective study was carried out, in which the collection of sociodemographic data, opportunistic infections and antiretrovirals was carried out from the patients' medical records. In the period from 2014 to 2020, 214 cases were reported, of which 65 had some opportunistic infection, the most prevalent being: oral candidiasis (58.46%); cytomegalovirus (16.92%); pulmonary tuberculosis (12.31%) and herpes zoster (10.77%). In the variables of this study, males prevailed (73.85%); age between 20 and 39 years (44.61%); income below the minimum wage (50%); incomplete elementary schooling (37.04%); CD4+ T lymphocyte count > 350 cells/mm3 (54.7%); plasma viral load > 50 copies (56.7%); infection period 2019 (36.9%); residents of Caicó (36.92%); and treatment with lamivudine/tenofovir + dolutegravir (70%). It can be concluded that the predominant ART in SAE/Caicó is in line with the Ministry of Health and that oral candidiasis remains one of the main co-infections in patients with HIV/AIDS. These results may contribute to the development of strategies for both adherence to therapy and prevention, focused on opportunistic infections, reducing the number of cases and contributing to improving the survival of people living with HIV/AIDS