Bioindicadores da qualidade do solo em cultivo de milho sob déficit hídrico e Bioinoculantes.

Abstract

Corn is one of the most expressive crops in agribusiness in Brazil and the world due to its versatility of use, both in human and animal feed. Soil is a natural resource of ecological importance where biological activities take place, responsible for several physical and chemical transformations of the organic residues that are deposited, thus maintaining the sustainability of the environment. The objective was to evaluate the biological attributes as bioindicators of soil quality cultivated with corn and use of bioinoculants. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a split-plot scheme in space, where the plots were constituted by two irrigation levels (50% of ETc and 100% of ETc ) and the subplots corresponding to six treatments referring to stress attenuating products. water: (C1) without application of products, (C2) CoMo (cobalt+molybdenum), (P1) No-Nema (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)+Azokop (Azospirillum brasiliensis), (P2) Biobaci (Bacillus subtilis), (P3) Azokop, ( P4) Arboline. At the time of corn harvest, soil samples were collected near the planting line in the 0 to 20 cm bed to evaluate edaphic respiration, biomass carbon and metabolic quotient. It was observed that edaphic breathing showed a significant difference between treatments. In the bioindicator of microbial biomass carbon (CBM) there was a difference between the irrigation levels and treatments, with higher values in the water depth with 50% of ETc, in the treatment in which Arbolina was applied. As for the 100% ETc depth, the lowest CBM value was provided by the treatment with Azokop, while the other treatments did not differ from each other. The metabolic quotient behaved differently between irrigation depths, indicating stress in the C2 treatment under the 50% ETc depth. For 100% ETc depth, there was an indication of higher carbon conversion when treatments with the products (P2) Biobaci (Bacillus subtilis), (P3) Azokop (Azospirillum brasiliensis) and (P4) Arbolin were applied.