Casa de vegetação para cultivo de alface.

Abstract

In semi-arid regions of Brazil there is the absence of production agriculture in a protected environment that simulates micro-climate that is appropriate and rational use of water in a climate with high average temperatures and two seasons, one dry and one wet with irregular rainfall . Research aimed generally to develop, implement and test two models of tunnel type greenhouses low, both low cost and conducive to lettuce production in the city of Campina Grande. The research was conducted in the area of the laboratory experiments of ambiance and rural buildings, the academic unit UFCG agriculture engineering in the city of Campina Grande. Two houses have been developed such as low greenhouses, cover a house with arched bus without water and cover with another home chapel with bus type underground water. Structures were implanted at ax distance of 1.50 m from each other, oriented east-west. The culture used was lettuce {Lactuca sativa L), type Elba, widely cultivated in the region. In analyzing the results using statistical design was randomized blocks with repetition. We analyzed environmental variables of soil moisture, temperature, air humidity. Agronomic variables were analyzed for plant height, canopy width, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight. The experiment was conducted from March 10 to June 21, 2010. Results achieved, the greenhouses satisfactorily respond to environmental conditions better than, of microclimates within greenhouses, compared with treatment without protection. The results related to water bus did not show the expected result is not as hypothesized initially formulated. The agronomic variables showed better results in a protected environment on the plant height, canopy width and leaf number, with similar results for fresh weight and dry weight. From the results, we conclude that the proposed structures responded well to the experiment, both in terms of ambience, the conditions of development and tested growth lettuce. Structures satisfactorily respond to the environment of the experiment, the arch structure is more efficient in all aspects tested and evaluated.