O direito humano à água e a gestão de recursos hídricos: Como a transposição do Rio São Francisco pode regenerar a agricultura familiar na região semiárida do perímetro irrigado de São Gonçalo.

Abstract

The low rainfall rates in the semi-arid region have harmed the socioeconomic development and quality of life between 2012 and 2015, even though there is a potential for the development of family farming in the fields assigned to the settlers of the Irrigated Perimeter of São Gonçalo (PISG). There are irrigation systems managed by the National Department of Works Against Droughts - DNOCS, however, the obsolescence of these irrigation systems and the lack of technological and economic resources make it difficult to implement a food production project in a sustainable way. In this sense, this work seeks to explain the impacts of an economic, social and environmental nature promoted by the arrival of waters from the São Francisco River Integration Project as a way of reestablishing the dignity of the human person for the settlers of the studied location, who live and depend on of these waters to survive, from the practice of an irrigated family farming model. Through the explanatory research method, it seeks to point out the causes and conclusions of the events studied, highlighting elements that affirm or collaborate for these phenomena to occur. Irrigated Family Agriculture can provide dignity and improvement in different aspects of life. The work represents a new hope for the local populations, who felt the impacts of the Phenomenon of Droughts for centuries The agriculture, previously dependent on this climatic event, can now become a stable economic source in the long term. There is also a need for communication between the bodies responsible for carrying out the Transposition works at a national level, such as the Federal Government and the Ministry of Regional Development (MDR), with specific water management bodies, such as the National Water Agency (ANA) and the São Francisco Development Company (CODEVASP). Two scenarios are then presented, one in which the transposition did not materialize, and another in which it achieves its objective and breaks with the old stigma of the semi-arid region, making it prosperous in human and economic resources.