Dimensionamento de sistema de aproveitamento de águas pluviais para fins não potáveis - um estudo de caso.

Abstract

The water present on the planet is essential to life, without it all species would be threatened. However, the fresh water available in nature is becoming scarce and awakening the importance of its preservation. Brazil has a good water availability, however, among the regions of the country, there is a bad distribution of water, the Northeast region, for example, has only 3% of the total water resources of Brazil. Thus, techniques of water preservation and reuse have arisen to mitigate the aforementioned problems. In this context, the use of rainwater for non-potable purposes is an excellent alternative for the conservation of this natural resource. This work aimed to propose a system for rainwater reuse for non-potable purposes in university residences on the campus of the Universidade Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG), located in the municipality of Pombal-PB. First, the residences were characterized and remodeled in 3D using Revit software. Then, rainfall data was collected from the region and consumption values by users, from this, the components of the rainwater harvesting system were sized, checking the existing vertical conductors, sizing the diameters of the horizontal conductors, volume of the reservoirs (lower, upper and disposal) and pumping system. Finally, the advantages of implementation were assessed. The region has irregular rainfall and the university residences evaluated in this work present a high water consumption. The storage reservoirs were oversized, making them unfeasible, and aiming at constructive feasibility, the lower reservoir was resized to 1/3 of the consumption intended for cleaning the buildings, obtaining a volumetric capacity of 20 m³. With the executive advent of this system there will be a reduction of soil erosion in the vicinity of the building, as well as fitting into sustainable patterns of water resource management. Furthermore, an annual reduction of R$ 1465.92 Reais was obtained in the water tariff bills. Therefore, through this proposal it was inferred that the system is feasible and the university residences have potential for implementation, causing the preservation of water resources and reducing costs in water bills on the campus of Pombal-PB.