Análise comparativa de custos de uma residência usando o SINAPI e o INCC durante o período da pandemia da covid-19.

Abstract

The construction sector is one of the main sources of food for the Brazilian economy, being considered a thermometer of job creation and economic growth. Historically, the construction sector is a mirror of the Brazilian economy: if the economy is doing well, the sector expands, and the opposite happens in crisis scenarios. The recent pandemic experienced unbalanced consumption and production chains across the globe, triggering a series of problems in industries in the most varied sectors, including construction. The temporary stoppage of industries generated a deficit in the production of raw materials and sudden price variations, and after two years, it still hasn't normalized. In view of this, the present work compared the evolution of the costs of a residential work of approximately 120 m² of built area, in pre-pandemic and current periods, through compositions of the SINAPI base and INCC index. In addition, the research identified the greatest variations between groups of budget services, as well as the individual compositions with the greatest variation in the analyzed period. Before the pandemic, between 01/2018 and 01/2020, the budget based on SINAPI showed an accumulated increase of 8.50%, while in the pandemic period (from 01/2020 to 04/2022), there was an accumulated increase of 43%. In general, the housing budget was in line with the growth of the INCC in the analyzed period, with exceptions for the groups of cleaning services, frames and structures, which had variations greater than 40% when compared to the Civil Construction Index. In addition, it was found that of the inputs used in the budget, aluminum presented the highest cost variation in the period from 2018 to 2022, with about 355% of variation. Despite the methodological differences between the indices, both are representative in the monitoring of input and labor costs in the construction sector.