Avaliação de planos de gestão integrada de resíduos sólidos em municípios de pequeno porte no Estado da Paraíba.

Abstract

The increase in the generation of solid waste is directly related to population growth and consumer goods, especially in urban areas. Therefore, proper management of solid waste becomes an important tool in combating environmental damage and negative impacts on the quality of human life. The National Solid Waste Policy (NSWP) was instituted by Federal Law No 12.305/2010, bringing as one of its instruments, the mandatory elaboration of the Municipal Plans for Integrated Solid Waste Management (MPISWM) by Brazilian municipalities. The MPISWM are instruments that should be elaborated and implemented by municipalities in order to minimize possible problems of inadequate management of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), which is a challenge for public administrations. Therefore, it is evident the importance of evaluating the management of MSW and the adequacy of MPISWM to the minimum content provided in the NSWP, given the current reality, especially in a state context. Thus, this work aims to analyze the adequacy of integrated solid waste management plans in small municipalities in the state of Paraíba to the minimum content required by art. 19 of Federal Law No 12.305/2010. To perform this evaluation, the tool proposed was used by Chaves; Siman; Siman; Sena (2020a) that evaluates not only the adequacy in relation to the items required by the legislation, but also the quality, complexity and potentiality of the information presented. Forty-six small municipalities in the state of Paraíba were analyzed, selected through a statistical study. The results indicate that all plans were considered incomplete, not differing from the reality of several municipalities in the country, since they do not present the minimum content required by the NSWP, evidencing failures of the public power to approve plans that are not in accordance with the legislation. The financial shortage, low qualification of the technical staff, or even non-existent technical staff are some of the factors considered for the current situation of solid waste management in the country. The analysis of the plans also allowed to find their weaknesses, providing subsidies to the municipalities in the revisions of their plans.