Robustez da governança da água e efetividade das negociações e acordo em distintas escalas.

Abstract

Sometimes the access to water is hampered by the low rainfall that affects certain regions, such as the Brazilian semiarid one. However, this problem is more complex when there are governance failures, which requires robustness in the structures that idealize and execute actions in the political, economic, social and environmental spheres, considering different scales of water resources planning. In this sense, this research aims to analyze the association of the effectiveness of negotiated allocations with the robustness of water governance in river basins of different scales. For doing that, documents and legislation from the national, state and river basin spheres were collected; participant observations were carried out at meetings and events promoted by the National Water Resources Management System, including negotiated water allocation meetings; the water governance of these basins was analyzed from the

robustness structure; negotiations and agreements of the Apodi-Mossoró (BHAM) and Piancó- Piranhas-Açu (BHPA) river basins were evaluated based on key effectiveness factors; the

association between the effectiveness of the agreements and the robustness of water governance in those river basins was verified. BHPPA's water governance showed to be more robust than that of BHAM, due to the number of actors, the complexities of its components and the interactions between them. Negotiations and agreements for the two river basins showed good compliance with the key factors of effectiveness, but were not completely effective, with greater effectiveness in the BHPPA. The effectiveness of the agreements presented as an intrinsic relationship with the robustness of water governance, since it was noted that effective agreements generate robustness and robustness contributes to these. Negotiated water allocations have proven to be management tools that improve water governance and the way socio-ecological systems overcome disruptions, but they require improvements to fully realize their potential.