Doenças de veiculação hídrica em Cajazeiras – PB na bacia hidrográfica do Rio do Peixe.

Abstract

The panorama on water resources in the Brazilian semiarid region reveals great uncertainties regarding to the use of water and its availability in adequate quantity and quality for the uses to which it is intended.The conditions of availability and consumption present that there is a deficiency of water resources in a large part of the country, especially in the semi-arid northeastern region.This research had an objective to analyze the occurrence of waterborne diseases and correlate them with monthly and annual rainfall events in the municipality of Cajazeiras - PB, in the watershed of the Peixe River. The study was of the retrospective and documental type of quantitative analysis of the data of confirmed cases of monthly and annual rainfall occurrence in the database of the Executive Agency of Water Management of the State of Paraíba (AESA), as well as the use of the database of the Computerized System of Epidemiological Surveillance of Acute Diarrheal Diseases (SIVEP-DDA), in the period from 2015 to 2020, in the Health Secretariat in the municipality of Cajazeiras - PB. Therefore, the results obtained in relation to the monthly and annual rainfall data were that there was a greater concentration of rainfall between the months of January and June, with greater occurrences in the months of February through April. In the Dengue case, the city shows a higher number of cases in men, varying by year in a representative way, where even in the age range scale, the highest number of infected individuals were those aged 30 years or less, with small percentage variations among the groups in this age range. It is worth pointing that the groups above 80 years old present low representativeness, possibly due to the low number of individuals in these age groups, if compared to the other age groups. In relation for Chikungunya, there was only a positive correlation with Dengue in 2016, possibly due to the fact that the mosquitoes that transmit both diseases are of the same species, which may indicate that in the year under observation the occurrence of these mosquitoes may have been high in the municipality. In the analysis of the cases of diarrhea that occurred in the years studied, it was possible to observe the high number of cases throughout the year, with emphasis on the rainiest months for the region, which may show that the parasites linked to this type of infection achieved their greatest proliferation from the moisture present in the environment, but presenting contaminations of places still in environments with little of this resource, due to their resistance for certain periods outside environments in contact with water.