Avaliação de Qualidade da água do Açude Grande em Cajazeiras-PB e os impactos das ações antrópicas.

Abstract

Humanity has always exploited the resources offered by nature to survive, however its actions generate negative impacts on the environment, causing the degradation and scarcity of these natural resources. The damming process in the semi-arid region of the Northeast region was of fundamental importance to mitigate the impacts of the drought that devastated and still devastates this region. With a vast amount of dams, it was necessary to study and analyze the quality of this water, so that the population can enjoy this resource without suffering damages in relation to health. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the water quality and verify the impacts caused by human actions in the Senador Epitácio Pessoa reservoir, better known as the Grande Weir. For this, photographic records were made of places with evidence of environmental impacts, in order to record human actions in that water reservoir. In addition, water samples were collected at ten different points, being subjected to physical-chemical analysis of total alkalinity, chlorides, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, apparent color, turbidity and total hardness. The data obtained were compared with the maximum allowed values defined by Ordinance GM/MS n° 888/2021, as well as statistically analyzed adopting the comparison of means with relevance at the level of 5% probability. The data obtained even in the rainy season and with the increase in the water level, indicate that the dam still has a high pollution load and that the samples closest to the region with housing and/or greater anthropic interference showed the parameters of turbidity and color. outside the standards required by law. The need to adopt a more efficient environmental management is highlighted, with actions that allow the removal of sewage pipes that flow in the place and with awareness campaigns, avoiding the incorrect disposal of solid waste that contribute to altering the quality of the available water. Therefore, it is possible to highlight that the Açude Grande is a postcard of the city and needs to be better used by the population, having to go through stages of revitalization and preservation, being for this to highlight the need for joint action between public authorities and citizens.