TRAVASSOS, K. D.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/6144333419541402; TRAVASSOS, Kaline Dantas.
Resumo:
The sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) has important agronomic traits, such as
increased tolerance to drought, cold and heat, when compared with most species grown in
Brazil. This species presents desirable characteristics, such as short-cycle, high quality and
good oil yield, however, due to the scarcity of water resources of good quality, it has been
used saline water for irrigation. Against this background we sought, the present work aimed to
study the tolerance of cultivars of irrigated sunflowers with water of different salinities. This
work was performed in two experiments, first developed in a protected environment at the
Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), Campus I, Campina Grande, PB. The
experimental design was a randomized block design in a factorial scheme 2 x 4, comprising 2
levels of electrical conductivity (EC w) of irrigation water (N1 - 0,6 and N2 - 3,0 dS m - 1 to 25
ºC) and four sunflower cultivars (C1 - Helio 863, C2 - Embrapa 122- V2000, C3 - Catissol 01
and C4 - Multissol), with 3 replicates each of 3 plants, totaling 72 experimental units. The
second field on the property developed in the property Macaquinhos site, located 8 km south
of the municipality of San Remigio, PB. The experimental design was a randomized block,
split-plot scheme analyzed in 5x4, the plots consisted of five levels of electrical conductivity
(EC w) of irrigation water, N1 - ECw of 0,14 dS m-1 (water supply from the weir Macaquinho,
PB), N2 - ECw of 1,50; N3 - ECw of 2,50; N4 - 3,50 and N5 - ECw of 4,50 dS m-1 at 25 ºC and
4 subplots cultivars C1 - Embrapa 122-V2000, C2 - Olisun 03, C3 - AG 963 and C4 - Multissol
with 3 repetitions. In both experiments from 15 DAG biometric evaluations of cultivars under
salt stress by determining plant height (PH), stem diameter (DC), number of leaves (NL) and
leaf area (LA) were performed. For the first experiment the following parameters were
evaluated: flowering index (FI), number of petals (NP), inner and external diameter of the
head (DI and DE), the total weight of achenes (PAT), weight of filled achenes (CAP), achene
weight of voids (PACH), number of achenes (NA), number of achenes chocho (NACH) and
weight of 100 achenes (P100A). For Experiment II was evaluated variables internal diameter
of the head (DI), total weight of achenes (PAT), the total weight of achenes (PAT), weight of
filled achenes (CAP), achene weight of voids (PACH), number of achenes (NA), number of
achenes chocho (NACH) and weight of 100 achenes (P100A). In general, it was found that it
is possible to commercially produce sunflower with saline water in the northeast since it has
good management.