Controle estatístico de qualidade em sistema de irrigação por gotejamento utilizando efluente de reator anaeróbio.

Abstract

Irrigation is an important technology in the agricultural sector and requires constant evaluation to detect problems quickly and accurately, for this, some statistical modeling techniques are being used with great success. This study aimed to apply statistical quality control techniques in monitoring and evaluation of two drip irrigation systems (dripper Taldrip and dripper PCJ-CNL with flared port) operating with supply of water and anaerobic effluent. The experiment was conducted on Irrigation and Drainage Laboratory UFCG-PB. We evaluated the quality of the irrigation process applying up the Shewhart control charts to hydraulic performance indicators (flow, distribution uniformity coefficient - CUD, total variation coefficient - CVt and degree of clogging - GE). The evaluations were performed every 20 hours, being taken 26 measurements totaling 500 hours of operation of the irrigation system. It was found that for the treatments with water supply the systems presented excellent response keeping up within the statistical control for most of the study period. For irrigation systems operating with treated wastewater, there was a lack of process control starting from 340 hours (PCJ-CNL with flared port) and 380 hours (Taldrip) of functioning. From this study, we observed that the indicator of performance that best represents the clogging problem in drip irrigation systems is the degree of clogging. In statistical process control, the irrigation system using the PCJ-CNL dripper with flared port, was more sensitive to clogging has not maintained the compensation mechanism throughout the system operating time when operating with wastewater treated.