O perfil tecnológico, econômico e social da agricultura nordestina: o caso da cotonicultura do semiárido.

Abstract

The objective of this job was to characterize technologic, economic and social profile of the planters of cotton of the semi-arid in northeast, because these product the textile raw material in a present structure to be more two hundred years ago, showing in the form the trinomial: cotton/cattle-breeding/production of subsistence, structure considered "contrary at the use of innovations", by investigators of the EMBRAPA/CNPA. The characterization of the planter of cotton has how supported the aspects of the agricultural politics and technological (that some form don't go against terms with the interests of the majority of the producers of the semi-arid of northeast), together with economics and sociais effects. A research of field, for interview of sample of rural producers was realized in the states of the Paraíba, Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte and Pernambuco, in municipal districts considered principais producers of the cotton arboreous and herbaceous. With given informations through of researchs, found a social, economic and technological profile of the planter of cotton of the semi-arid and observed he has little technique in relating to the adoption of the technology, not only for the arboreous, but for the herbaceous, as well fact can be explaining on the model of research adopted by CNPA that doesn't contemplate the lucrative peculiarity of the little common producer of cotton. The profile social and economic shows a serious social trouble because of a union of factores: the omission of the government in to form public politics that contemplate the culture of cotton setor; the absence of financial resorts in the life of the producers; the existent of a land structure concentrate; the fraudulent trade, where the mains gins are middleman in the process of trade of the cotton with seed.