Desempenho e qualidade de ovos de codornas japonesas submetidas a diferentes temperaturas e espectros luminosos de lâmpadas LED.

Abstract

The creation of quails arouses interest due to several advantages: high productivity, early sexual maturity and low feed intake, the small space requirement, its rusticity, short reproductive cycle, the precocity and productivity. The use of artificial lighting is a routine practice in the intensive rearing of laying hens, and long photoperiod stimulate egg production. The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of temperature and light spectrum on the performance and quality of Japanese quail eggs, housed in a climatic chamber, and the internal environment, two different colors of LED lamps (white and green) and four different temperatures (24, 27, 30 and 33 oC). During the research, the lighting system was intermittent 15 hours of light and 9 hours of darkness (15L: 9E). Each environment was composed of a battery of 3 floors cages, two cages per floor, equipped with feeder type trough sheet metal galvanized and nipple drinkers. During the trial period, the birds were subjected to the same feeding management, and provided water and feed ad libitum. The feeding took place at 7: 00h and 14: 00h. Throughout the trial period were evaluated: feed intake (g / bird), feed conversion (g / g). To evaluate the eggs were made analysis of performance and quality parameters parameters: egg weight (PO), egg mass (MO), production (%), feed conversion (CA) (kg feed / kg eggs); specific gravity (SG), Haugh unit (HU), shell thickness (EC). They were also determined percentage of bark (PC), percentage of albumen (PA) and the resistance of the shell. The experiment lasted 56 days, divided into four 14-day cycles, measured temperature: 24 ° C, 27 ° C, 30 ° C and 33 ° C; in both environments (light green and white LEDs). For each cycle was adopted period of 14 days. It was observed that the environment above the thermal comfort zone, birds decreased food consumption and increased water consumption due to the thermal discomfort. In percentage posture when comparing temperature of 24 to 33 ° C was reduced to 7.86%. The white LED lamps and green, can be used as a source of artificial illumination since it did not cause any negative effect on egg production, egg quality and physiological parameters, the proposed changes. The different light spectra and cyclic stress temperatures (27, 30 and 33 ° C) did not affect the physiological variables that remained within the comfort zone and homeothermy was maintained. Indicating that the quails were able to adapt to continuous stress conditions.