Cultivo de milho e feijão vigna fertirrigados com águas amarelas e manipueira.

Abstract

Fertigation is the technique of application of fertilizers via irrigation water in agricultural crops. This technique may be suitable for the application of alternative products, such as yellow water and cassava wastewater, in corn and bean cultivars. In this context, the objective of this research was to evaluate nutrient, growth and maize (Zea mays L.) and vigna bean (Vigna unguiculata (L.) cultivars 'marataoã' fertirrigados with human urine associated with the cassava wastewater. Two experiments were carried out in a greenhouse located at Campina I, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB. The first experiment evaluated the effects of the fertirrigations with yellow water, cassava wastewater and NPK with the vata Marataoã bean cultivar. Five treatments were applied in a completely randomized design - DIC. Treatments consisted of fertigations with NPK (control), human urine, cassava wastewater, more cassava wastewater human urine and more cassava wastewater human urine plus phosphorus. The levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur in the aerial part of the bean were evaluated; (Plant height, leaf diameter, leaf number, leaf area, fresh and dry shoot mass), as well as yield (number of pods per plant, mean pod length, number of grains per pod, mass Dry of 100 grains). The second experiment was the fertirrigations with yellow water, cassava wastewater and NPK with 'Potiguar' corn cultivar. Eight treatments characterized by cultivation without the application of fertilizers (control) were studied; (PK), cassava wastewater plus NP and more cassava wastewater human urine plus P. The leaf nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur contents were analyzed and the growth variables (Plant height, leaf diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh and dry mass of the leaves and stem), as well as yield (length and diameter of shrub spike, number of grain rows per spike, number of grains per spike, mass Dry stalks with straws and debris). The data of the studied variables were submitted to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Tukey test at the 5% probability level. The treatments that contained the effluents positively influenced the macronutrient contents, the growth and production variables of maize and vigna beans. The mean values of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were higher than those for maize and vigna beans. The human urine and cassava wastewater applied by fertirrigation have the potential to meet the demands of the main macronutrients required by maize and vigna beans, which can substitute the nitrogen and potassium fertilization, respectively, required by the crops studied, reducing relative production costs Purchase of commercial fertilizers.