COSTA, C. L. L.; http://lattes.cnpq.br/1663930558108029; COSTA, Claudinete Lígia Lopes.
Résumé:
Growth and production of sunflower intercropped with beans and corn under different irrigation depths. An adequate water and soil management is necessary to increase
plant production and make feasible the agriculture. Under semiarid conditions, the
irrigation and the culture intercropping presents important productive, economic and
environmental advantages. However, results related with the irrigation of the
sunflower intercropped with feeding cultures, in the semiarid, are scarce. Thus, the
purpose of this work was to evaluate the behavior of the sunflower in relation to the
levels of water replacement and arrangements of the Hélio 253 hybrid sunflower and
food plants. The experiment was conducted in the field of the Human and Agrarian
Sciences Center of the Paraiba State University, Campus IV, Catolé do Rocha,
Paraíba, adopting a 4 x 3 factorial randomized blocks statistical design with four
levels of available soil water capacity of the soil (60, 80, 100 and 120%) and three
cultivation systems (isolated sunflower, sunflower + caupi bean and sunflower +
corn) with, three replications, totalizing 36 experimental units. The analyzed variables
were plant height, steam diameter, leaf area, crop production and water and soil use
efficiency. Independently of the crop arrangement utilized, the available soil water
content increased the growth and the production of sunflower being these greater
when sunflower was cultivated isolated. On the intercropping arrangements,
apparently, the corn competed more for resources than the beans. The land use
efficiency in the intercropping arrangements, evaluated by the Efficient Use of the
Land Index, showed the viability of this technique for the local farming. Irrigation with
90 to 93 % of the available soil water capacity provided the maximum water use
efficiency for all crop systems evaluated.