Avaliação dos parâmetros físico-químicos para a determinação do metano gerado em reator de bancada.

Abstract

The physical-chemical parameters such as pH, alkalinity, volatile acids, among others, help to understand the dynamics of decomposition of the RS, as well as the production of biogas to be estimated in order to know their potential energy generation in order to use it in the maintenance of landfills and the various existing purposes. Thus, the objective of this research was to estimate, based on the physicochemical parameters, methane production in an anaerobic reactor bench filled with organic waste. To estimate methane production was built and instrumented an anaerobic bioreactor bench scale, in which was filled with crushed organic waste from a high school in the city of Campina great - PB. In order to monitor the waste degradation, these were collected fortnightly by waste collection valve. The measurements of methane concentrations in the bioreactor were held on average every 6 days, during 355 days of monitoring. The estimation of methane production was measured by adapting the mathematical model used by Harries et al., 2001 and EBA, 2014, which considered the internal pressures in the bioreactor, daily temperatures and methane concentration in the bioreactor. With the results it was observed that due to the addition of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) the residues present in the bioreactor showed alkalinity concentrations resistant to the influences of the volatile acids which contributed to the buffering the medium and thus favored the activity of methanogenicarchaea who consumed acids, derived from the degradation, and converted into methane. Thus, it is emphasized that through used estimation method, the volume of CH4 accumulated during the bioreactor monitoring period was approximately 67.5 L and compared with similar systems, this production was up high. In conclusion, the buffering capacity of the medium contributed to the activity of methanogenicarchaea, which favored methane concentrations that varied from 40-59%. It is observed that, this study presented a scientific importance, which may contribute to solid waste management allowing to estimate the actual production of methane from organic waste and its potential contamination. Finally, the objectives of this study were achieved satisfactorily, allowing to estimate the methane production potential of the studied bioreactor.