Cenários cosmológicos a partir de soluções tipo multi-kinks.

Abstract

Cosmological models are used to describe a phase of cosmic expansion, thus it manifests as a very promising alternative for the study of cosmic inflation and dark energy. This dissertation is based on the application of multi-kinks solutions in cosmological models not intuited to find a model that can describe as phases of universe expansion. In the 1990s, there are two groups in which subjects are obtained experimentally that the universe is in a phase of accelerated expansion. To explain dark energy, some theories have emerged, principally cosmological models from multi-kink solutions, in which we use an action composed by a scalar field and coupled to the Eintein-Hilbert action, this coupling reflects in the equation of relative’s motion to the lagragian density of the scalar field and Friedmann equations derived from the minimization of metric-related action. Thus, the field influences the determination of cosmological parameters. By using the deformation method, it is possible to obtain new scalar field models, and thus obtain models in which the cosmological parameters are as seen in observations. The multi-kinks method is a great potential tool for generating analytical models with parameters that have a certain complexity. This procedure can also be applied in scenarios that have more than one scalar field and in generalized theories of gravity.