A agroindústria do tomate e as mudanças socioambientais vivenciadas pelos índios Xucuru e pequenos agricultores em Pesqueira (1950-1970).

Abstract

Our study aimed to discuss the environmental issues related to Pesqueira in the 1950 period - 1970, related to the activity of tomato agribusiness. Activity initiated by the Fish Factory, which lasted a hundred years. In this period there were changes in the environment, and these changes were made by human action to meet industrial demand. This process involved several actors, including small farmers and Xukuru Indian Ororubá inhabitants in the region. For this survey, the use of documents such as newspapers published in the city of Pesqueira, available at the State Public Archives of Pernambuco, and also from interviews with people who were involved in the activities of agribusiness. We have reports and interviews of Indians and non-Indians who worked in the manufacturing process or in tomato crops and fruits geared to meet the factories. Here are some geographical characteristics of the region to better understanding of environmental issues discussed in the text. In this Dissertation did an interdisciplinary exercise within the concept of Environmental History, who served in the north to our reflections. We seek to promote dialogue between multiple areas of knowledge in assessing the object of our study. Among the environmental issues discussed in the text were the social relationships with the natural environment and the transformation occurring in nature, with access and use of natural resources used in the agro-industrial production. Also, if inserted in the discussions the use of pesticides, including for small farmers and indigenous people, who needed to ensure the pace and productivity of tomato plantations; the dangers arising from the use of these chemicals for agriculture; social and environmental consequences arising from deforestation to feed the boilers and to make room for a plantation of the tomato and the use of water resources for the supply of plants. All this caused environmental imbalances and misalignments that we discussed and analyzed in our study.