Infecções fúngicas oportunistas em pacientes com Covid-19 em hospitais brasileiros: uma revisão integrativa.

Abstract

COVID­19 is a disease caused by the SARS­CoV­2 virus (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2), which emerged as a pneumonic outbreak of unknown origin in December 2019 in the city of Wuhan, China. It is a disease that can have a negative evolution, especially in patients with comorbidities and/or with opportunistic coinfections. In view of the severity, which can reach part of the cases of COVID­19, the present study aimed to identify the profile of fungal coinfections diagnosed in individuals with COVID­19 in Brazilian hospitals. For this purpose, an integrative literature review was carried out in the BVS, SciELO, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, PubMed, LILACS, CAPES Periódico databases, searching for studies carried out in

Brazilian hospitals addressing fungal coinfections in patients infected with SARS- CoV­2. Using the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 16 articles were selected. Among

the most frequent fungal infections, candidiasis stood out, with 160 cases, followed by aspergillosis with eight cases and histoplasmosis with three cases. The risk of death increased for fungal co­infected patients. These profiles of Brazilian hospitals were similar to those found worldwide. It is concluded that Candida genus yeast predominated and that the use of immunosuppressants, invasive techniques and underlying diseases can increase the risk of co­infection and, consequently, the risk of death, requiring early diagnosis for better transmission of fungal treatment.