As personagens femininas de Machado de Assis: Helena e Capitu, aproximações e distanciamentos.

Abstract

The female characters of Machado de Assis are unique creations, in particular the characters of our analysis Helena, that belongs to Helena (1876), and Capitu, from the novel, Don Casmurro (1899). The period of creation of these characters, the woman carried a strong responsibility of submission and resistance against the society of his time, however, these female characters have their participation actively in the textual plot, fulfilling important and leading roles in the plot structure, on the contrary to what was the custom of the reality of the time. In order to solidify this research, it was observed on this research the literary periods were observed to which these female characters belong, once Helena is part of the first phase of the writer and Capitu belonging to the second phase. On the way to situate our research theoretically, we use characteristics such as values, conduct, marriage, secrets and the behavior of the characters will be considered and analyzed in order to find the differences and approaches in relation to their buildings. If at some point in the plot from the novel Helena we encounter a character conceived the romantic mold, in another we find Capitu, from the novel Dom Casmurro, with a properly realistic profile, however we find that both have women traits resistant to social constraints of our system patriarchal. Thus, we see how Machado de Assis devised these characters, who are part of our Brazilian literature, pointing out the contrasts and similarities between these characters. In order to situate theoretically our research, we used Coutinho (1995), Pacheco (1968), with regard to the study of literature in Brazil taking into account periods Romantic and realistic – Bosi (1972) –, in order to situate the general features of literary schools in study. Incao (2000), Sacramento, Santos (2011) Mary Del Priore (2000) Segato (1998) to show the woman's behavior in the characters construction period. Brait (1985), Candido (2000), taking into consideration the study of the character in the fictional field. Hall (2005) to assist in the analysis of the characters identity, Schwarz (1997), one of the critics of Machado de Assis's novels. Through his literary language, Machado‟s novels remain highlighted in our literature. Topics, such as social problems, the representation of the female figure in accordance with current society of the time, are evidenced by the author running away from stereotypes; it involves his readers side by side with its narrative domain that allows to build and simulate the tradition of time.