Cenários socioambientais de acesso à água no Semiárido Paraibano: gestão, distribuição e apropriação.

Abstract

The general objective of the study was to build prospective scenarios of access to water, from the perspective of management, distribution and equitable appropriation in the municipality of Cubati –PB. The semi-arid region of the Brazilian Northeast, in the face of climatic particularities, form of occupation and state intervention, coexist in the midst of conflict scenarios marked by socio-environmental inequality and limitations of access to water, in addition to a collapse in public supply services due to low volumes of water stored in public and ineffectively managed reservoirs. The methodology adopted in the research was the partial application of the method proposed by Marcial and Grumbach (2000). Data collection was carried out through on-site observation, informal conversations, photographic records and semi-structured interviews to choose the preliminary variables with an impact on access to water in the last ten years. Application of questionnaires through Google Forms to choose the definitive events that will impact the system studied in the next five years. It was also used to fill in the crossimpact matrix and choose the variables that occur in each of the scenarios: most likely, trend and ideal. The results indicate that the democratization of access to water in the studied municipality requires improvements in the management and control of the quality and use of water, in addition to the need for articulation and social action between the different spheres, actors and policies for the effective implementation of management water supply, an important element of this supply system. Thus, the scenarios woven for the municipality in question, are dynamic and point to improvements that guarantee dignified conditions of access to water in an egalitarian and equitable way.