Plataforma IOT para Ambiência Apícola nas condições do Semiárido Brasileiro.

Abstract

Beekeeping began to be developed in Brazil in 1839 with the arrival of Apis mellifera mellifera (German). 1957 with the emergence of a polyhybrid called Africanized bees, resulting from natural crosses of the European and African subspecies. In 2013, the value of honey production in Brazil was 316 million reais. The internal temperature of Apis mellifera colonies is a highly relevant factor for the health and well-being of these bees, so that the acceptable temperature range between 33 and 36 oC allows the full development of the offspring, as well as other activities. that bees do. This work aimed to develop a platform with microcontrollers connected to sensors to enable the automation of the evaluation of the beekeeping environment in the Brazilian semiarid region. The research was carried out with 10 hives of Apis mellifera, located in an Experimental Apiary installed in the locality called Cachoeira Alta, in the rural area of the municipality of Iguatu-Ce. Eleven treatments were carried out, using 10 populated hives and one without bees, called a control. The control hive treatment showed that the temperature range recorded by the hive without bees in the period from October 2021 to March 2022 was from 24.4 to 36°C, while the 10 treatments with populated hives resulted in the identification of a range of temperatures between 32.9 to 35.5°C. In the period from October to December 2021, the bees needed to develop mechanisms both to cool their environment and to warm up, depending on the time of day, in the period from January to March 2022, it was only necessary to heat their nesting area to maintain thermoregulation. proper. The platform was integrated with an internet server to send the collected data and with the telegram to alert data readings outside the pre-established standard in the schedule.