Toxoplasmose: análise da sorologia em gestantes na atenção básica de Catolé do Rocha - PB.

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a pathology resulting from infection by the intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Although it occurs more frequently in regions with a tropical climate, its distribution is worldwide. About 90% of toxoplasmosis cases are asymptomatic, but immunosuppressed individuals are susceptible to developing symptoms. Despite not being the main form of disease infection, congenital transmission is highly relevant and requires greater care and attention. Given this context, the objective of this work was to know the serological profile for toxoplasmosis of pregnant women in the municipality of Catolé do Rocha-PB. A descriptive, cross-sectional retrospective study was carried out, in which 200 medical records of pregnant women attended at six Basic Health Units in the municipality were analyzed, from January 2021 to June 2022. The variables evaluated were: anti-T. gondii IgG and IgM serology, age, origin (rural or urban), pregnancies, gestational period, method of diagnosis and repeat

serology. Simple percentages were calculated to obtain frequency of variables and the chi- square test (χ2) considering p<0.05 as statistically significant. It was observed that 28.5% of

pregnant women were seropositive for toxoplasmosis while 71.5% were susceptible to infection. The highest percentage of seropositivity was in the rural area with 40.6%, but no statistically significant association was found (p=0.097). Among the 143 pregnant women susceptible to infection, only 9.1% repeated serology for toxoplasmosis in subsequent trimesters of pregnancy. Pregnant women aged 30 years and over showed an increase in seropositivity, however without statistically significant association (31.6%, p=0.426). UBS Angelina Mariz had the highest percentage of seropositive pregnant women (50%), while the UBS with the highest percentage of pregnant women susceptible to infection was Caic (79.2%). A total of 04 pregnant women had inconclusive serology, but did not undergo an IgG avidity test later. In view of the high prevalence of pregnant women susceptible to infection, it is necessary to implement serological follow-up for all pregnant women, and it is also essential to intensify health promotion actions in order to prevent and avoid contamination. Training with health professionals is suggested, seeking updates and implementation of socio-educational measures on toxoplasmosis, especially during prenatal care.