Acesso às iniciativas governamentais e área de moradia: cenário de 2011, 2014 e 2019 no município de Cuité-PB.

Abstract

In recent years, budget reductions have been experienced in several sectors, in the so-called government initiatives to achieve Food Security and Nutrition (GI-FSN), affecting recent achievements in the fight against hunger, poverty and promotion of Food Security. This study aimed to analyze access to GI-FSN by area of residence, in urban and rural areas.. For this, a cross-sectional study was carried out with three population-based cutouts, prospective cohort, carried out in the years 2011, 2014 and 2019, in the municipality of Cuité - PB. Through a questionnaire with thematic modules, data were collected on socioeconomic conditions, food insecurity and access to government programs from 274 households, in the three years analyzed. To assess the perception of food insecurity, the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA) was used, in its complete version, with 14 questions. Access to GI-FSN was collected through the questionnaire on participation in programs and actions aimed at FSN. As a result, there was an increase in access to most GI-FSN throughout the cohort, especially in the rural

area, the area where GI-FSN was most accessed. There was an increase in total access to GI- FSN Escola Integral (2011: 1.5%; 2014: 13.1%; 2019: 15.0%) and Garantia Safra (2011:

15.0%; 2014: 19.0%; 2019: 31.8%), the same increase occurred when analyzed by area of residence. On the other hand, the two GI-FSN with greater access: Family Health Strategy (2011: 81.0%; 2014: 81.0%; 2019: 68.6%) and Bolsa Família Program (2011: 47.8%; 2014: 44.9%; 2019: 41.3%), showed a reduction in total access. However, the two GI-FSN were different when analyzing access by area of residence. In the urban area, there was a gradual reduction in access to the Family Health Strategy, while in the rural area the reduction occurred only in 2019. In the same sense, the Bolsa Família Program, gradually reduced throughout the cohort in the rural area, this same GI-FSN, in the urban area, showed a downward trend in 2011 and 2014, access increased in 2019. In view of the positive impact that access to GI-FSN can have on families, especially the poorest. It becomes essential to invest in initiatives that promote the improvement in the living conditions of families.