Análise da presença de alimentos in natura e minimamente processados na população de Cuité - PB, em 2011, 2014 e 2019.

Abstract

The eating habits of the population are changing all over the world. Characterized as nutritional transition, this process is influenced by political, economic and sociocultural changes that are expressed unevenly in urban and rural areas. This work aims to analyze the presence of in natura and minimally processed foods in the consumption of the population of a municipality in Paraíba in the years 2011, 2014 and 2019. It is a cross-sectional study carried out in Cuité-PB, with data from the survey “Food security and nutrition: longitudinal study of public policies and food insecurity”. Three collections were carried out: 2011 (358 households: 244 urban and 114 rural); 2014 (326 households: 222 urban and 104 rural); and 2019 (274 households: 200 urban and 74 rural). The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) of 88 foods was used, but the 28 in natura and minimally processed foods were selected for analysis. The foods were organized according to groups adapted from the guidance notebook on food consumption markers in Primary Care. Statistical analysis considered the average of the food groups present in the consumption and the frequencies of consumption were verified with the presence of in natura/minimally processed foods above the average, using the “Stata version 13”. It was observed that most of the interviewees were female, of adult age and schooling classified as “no schooling and/or with incomplete primary education”. There was also a significant prevalence of food insecurity and families below the poverty line. With regard to healthy food consumption, the urban area had higher consumption with the presence of in natura and minimally processed products above average, compared to the rural area in the analyzed markers, except for consumption of beans. When observing the frequency of food consumption by area, the population of Cuite results in a lower presence of fresh and minimally processed foods and their variety for the rural area.