Gestão de recursos hídricos e segurança hídrica: uma análise em municípios da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Ipojuca - PE a partir de indicadores.

Abstract

The concept of water security goes far beyond of water availability. That means, according to UN (United Nations), the sustainable access to safe water, in adequate quantities to the maintenance of livelihoods, human well-being and socioeconomic development; assuring protection against hydric pollution, water disasters and conservation of ecosystems. Understanding that basic sanitation which, in accordance with Law no. 11,445/2007, includes water supply, sanitation, urban cleaning, urban drainage, solid waste and rainwater management has enormous relevance to the quality of life, dignity and human health, this work had as main objective to evaluate and compare, using indexes, the reality of municipalities inserted in the Rio Ipojuca Hydrographic Basin, in Pernambuco. The use of indexes as a tool to develop this research allowed verifying the conditions of each municipality, identifying and evaluating the sanitation conditions in similar parameters and in a uniform manner. The approach regards to a scenario of failures in the management of water resources, observing the availability of water in quality and quantity capable of satisfying the needs of the population of the locations under study, also considering the coverage of sanitation service as a good practice to guarantee protection of available resources. The results obtained demonstrate the water vulnerability in the selected locations. The discussions were conducted through the approach of large, medium and small municipalities, and the results obtained in the small municipality (Sanharó) were lower than the results obtained by the regional centers (Arcoverde and Caruaru).