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Turmalina Paraíba Case: analysis of legal developments and Human Rights violations.

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dc.description.resumo The PPGCJ-UFPB team chose to study the case known as Turmalina Paraíba (paraiba tourmaline), a rare gemstone discovered in the State of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil, an area of semi-arid climate, very poor, located in the region of Seridó Ocidental Paraibano, 316 km from the city of João Pessoa, the state’s capital. The case is about the police investigation and court inquiry looking into wrongdoings committed in the illegal mining of this mineral. Paraiba is a rare bluish green variety of tourmaline and highly coveted in the international jewelry market, especially after having been deemed extremely scarce by the Gemological Institute of America (GIA). As a result, its prices have climbed rapidly. Today, the so-called “paraiba tourmaline,” named after the Brazilian state where it was found, is fashioned for select wealthy customers by jewelers operating in Brazil, such as Amsterdam Sauer and H. Stern, and abroad, like Dior and Tifany & Co. UK. Considered an exotic product, the gem’s carat (0.2 grams) is estimated to be worth USD 30,000 on average but may reach USD 100,000 depending on the stone’s features, according to an information iled by the Federal Prosecution Oice (MPF, in Portuguese). In 2014 and along with the Brazilian Federal Police, the MPF launched a probe they called Operação Sete Chaves, Police Investigation no. 0000451-81.2014.04.05.8205, to look into environmental crimes reported as substantive joinder of offenses; illegal mining operations reported as formal joinder of ofenses; and money laundering, all of them repeated crimes. The information – no. 0800142-85.2018.4.05.8205 – is being processed by the 14th Federal Court of the Paraíba Federal Court System (JFPB). The conspiracy involves cases of illegal gemstone trade, bank accounts used for money laundering, tax fraud on the export of goods, and other wrongdoings. This mineral’s mining conditions and the entire network of ofenses surrounding it point to human rights violations that encompass environmental crimes in an area acutely afected by droughts and leading to severe social impacts; labor law violations, such as illegal mining using forced labor, while giving nothing back to society from the wealth extracted from the ground, and workers exploited under extreme heat for working days lasting 12 hours or more in 80 meter deep pits; crimes against the human right to development, including tax and customs duty fraud, and others. pt_BR
dc.publisher.country Brasil pt_BR
dc.publisher.initials UFCG pt_BR
dc.subject.cnpq Direitos Humanos. pt_BR
dc.title Turmalina Paraíba Case: analysis of legal developments and Human Rights violations. pt_BR
dc.date.issued 2020
dc.identifier.uri http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/29443
dc.date.accessioned 2023-04-24T11:48:07Z
dc.date.available 2023-04-24
dc.date.available 2023-04-24T11:48:07Z
dc.type Capítulo de Livro pt_BR
dc.subject Turmalina Paraíba pt_BR
dc.subject Violação de Direitos Humanos pt_BR
dc.subject Direitos Humanos pt_BR
dc.subject Operação Sete Chaves - Ministério Público Federal - Paraíba pt_BR
dc.subject Caso das Pedras Turmalinas - PB pt_BR
dc.subject Mineração - Pedras Turmalinas - PB pt_BR
dc.subject Mineração ilegal - Paraíba pt_BR
dc.subject Paraiba Tourmaline pt_BR
dc.subject Violation of Human Rights pt_BR
dc.subject Human rights pt_BR
dc.subject Operation Seven Keys - Federal Public Ministry - Paraíba pt_BR
dc.subject Case of Tourmaline Stones - PB pt_BR
dc.subject Mining - Tourmaline Stones - PB pt_BR
dc.subject Illegal mining - Paraíba pt_BR
dc.subject Tourmaline Paraïba pt_BR
dc.subject Violation des droits de l'homme pt_BR
dc.subject Droits humains pt_BR
dc.subject Opération Sept Clés - Ministère Public Fédéral - Paraíba pt_BR
dc.subject Coffret de Pierres Tourmalines - PB pt_BR
dc.subject Exploitation minière - Pierres de tourmaline - PB pt_BR
dc.subject Exploitation minière illégale - Paraíba pt_BR
dc.subject Turmalina Paraíba pt_BR
dc.subject Violación de los Derechos Humanos pt_BR
dc.subject Derechos humanos pt_BR
dc.subject Operación Siete Llaves - Ministerio Público Federal - Paraíba pt_BR
dc.subject Estuche de Piedras Turmalina - PB pt_BR
dc.subject Minería - Turmalina Piedras - PB pt_BR
dc.subject Minería ilegal - Paraíba pt_BR
dc.rights Acesso Aberto pt_BR
dc.creator FEITOSA, Maria Luiza Pereira de Alencar Mayer.
dc.creator GABÍNIO, Adriana de Medeiros.
dc.creator VASCONCELOS FILHO, Antônio Alves de.
dc.creator DAMASCENDO, Gilmara Benevides Costa Soares.
dc.creator SILVA, José Irivaldo Alves Oliveira.
dc.creator MIRANDA, Igor Caio Alves de.
dc.creator COSTA NETO, Juvêncio Almeida.
dc.creator ASSIS, Luciana Vilar.
dc.creator LIMA, Ylana Zálife de Farias.
dc.publisher Universidade Federal de Campina Grande pt_BR
dc.language eng pt_BR
dc.title.alternative Turmalina Paraíba Case: analysis of legal developments and Human Rights violations. pt_BR
dc.identifier.citation SILVA, José Irivaldo Alves Oliveira et al. Turmalina Paraíba Case: analysis of legal developments and Human Rights violations. In: MATHIS, Adriana de Azevedo; ZOMBRANO, Gustavo; HENAO, Magdalena Correa; FEITOSA, Maria Luiza Alencar Mayer (Organizadores). Policies for the regulation of transnational corporations due to human rights violations in Latin América: cases studies. Goiânia: Cegraf UFG; João Pessoa: Editora da UFPB, 2020. p.375-421. ISBN: 978-65-89504-12-2 (Cegraf UFG); ISBN: 978-65-5942-097-1 (Ed. UFPB). Disponível em: http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/29443 pt_BR


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